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Ārai Whakakore Ā-Taiao: He Kōwhiringa Tauwhiro mō ngā Whare Hauora
He mea whakakorekore mō te taiao ārai hōhipera ka tino whakarei ake i te whakahaere mate urutā i roto i ngā whare tiaki hauora. Ka whakaitihia e rātou te mōrearea o te kohikohinga huakita mā te whakakapi i ia wā. He rerekē ki ngā tikanga tuku ihoārai rūma iti, e mau ana pea ngā mate pāwera nā te kore horoi pinepine, he maha ngā wā ka pania ngā paninga paturopi ki ngā kōwhiringa whakakorekore. Ehara i te mea ka whakatairanga noa i te akuaku tēnei kōwhiringa pumau engari ka whakaitihia hoki te pānga ki te taiao, ka waiho hei otinga pai mō ārai pokangame te hōhipera Ārai Tūmataitinga. Hei tāpiritanga, ko te whakamahinga o tētahiārai ārai hōhipera ka taea te whakapai ake i te tūmataitinga me te whakamarie o te tūroro i ngā wāhi tiritahi.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Ka whakarei ake ngā ārai whakakorekore e pai ana mō te taiao i te whakahaere mate mā te whakaiti i te hanga huakita, ka whakatairanga i te taiao haumaru ake mō ngā tūroro.
- Ka penapenahia te wā me te kaha e ngā kaimahi hauora i ēnei ārai, ka taea ai te whakarerekē tere i ngā āhuatanga e whakaiti ana i ngā tūponotanga poke.
- Te whakamahi ngā rauemi pumau Ko ngā ārai whakakorekore e tautoko ana i ngā whāinga taiao, ā, he kōwhiringa whai kawenga mō ngā whare hauora.
Te Hiranga o te Whakahaere Mate Pāwera
He mea nui te whakahaere i ngā mate urutā ki te pupuri i te haumaru o ngā tūroro me te kounga o te hauora whānui. He nui ngā tūponotanga o ngā mate urutā e pā ana ki te hauora (HAIs) ki ngā tūroro, ka roa ake te noho ki te hōhipera, ka piki ake ngā utu hauora, tae atu ki te mate. Ka whai wāhi ngā ārai ārai taiao ki te ngā mahi whakahaere mate urutā mā te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te horapa o ngā mate urutā i roto i ngā wāhi tiaki hauora.
Te Tūranga ki te Ārai i ngā Mate Pāwera e Pā Ana ki te Hauora
He maha ngā pūtake o ngā HAI e tūtakihia ana e ngā whare hauora. Ko ngā take noa ko:
- Staphylococcus aureus ātete-Methicillin (MRSA)
- Clostridium difficile (C. difficile)
- Ngā mate urutā mimi (UTI)
- Ngā mate pāwera o te wāhi pokanga
- Te koretake o te akuaku o te ringa
- Ngā taputapu hauora kua poke
Mā te whakamahi i ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ka tino whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ēnei mate. Ko ngā ārai paturopi, e rongoatia ana ki ngā matūriki hiriwa, ka ārai i te tipu o ngā huakita i runga i ngā mata. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka whakaitihia e ēnei ārai te maha o ngā huakita i muri i te tāutanga ki ngā wāhanga tiaki ohorere me ngā wāhanga whaea me ngā tamariki. Ka whakanuia hoki e rātou te wā ki te poke tuatahi ki te whakataurite ki ngā ārai paerewa, ka whakarato i tētahi otinga whai hua mō te whakapai ake i te whakahaere mate.
Te Whakatutuki i ngā Ture Hauora
He mea nui te ū ki ngā ture hauora mō ngā whare tiaki hauora. E taunaki ana ngā whakahaere pēnei i te Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) me te World Health Organization (WHO) kia whakamahia ngā ārai whakakorekore hei whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga o te poke. He huarahi whai hua ēnei ārai hei whakakapi i ngā kōwhiringa tuku iho, e hiahia ana kia horoia auautia ngā kākahu.
Ko te whakatinanatanga o ngā ārai whakakorekore e hangai ana ki ngā tikanga whakahaere mate e whakanui ana i te hiahia kia horoia auautia ngā mata o te hōhipera, tae atu ki ngā ārai. Ko ngā hōhipera e whakamahi ana i ēnei otinga hoa-taiao e ripoata ana he iti ake ngā reiti mate. Hei tauira, ko te toharite o ngā huakita i runga i ngā ārai whakakorekore kei raro iho i te 1 CFU, he iti iho i tērā o ngā ārai kakahu. Ko tēnei whakaiti i te aroaro o ngā huakita ka āwhina i te aukati i te horapa o ngā pathogens pēnei i te MRSA me te vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), ā, ka mutu, ka whakarei ake i te haumaru o te tūroro.
Ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Painga o ngā Ārai Whakakore
Te Whakamāmā me te Ngāwari o te Whakamahi
He ārai ārai whakamahi-kore e pai ana ki te taiao ngā painga nui o te whakamarie me te ngāwari o te whakamahi mā ngā kaimahi hauora. Mā te hoahoa ka taea te whakatakoto tere me te whai hua, ka whakaiti i te wā e pau ana ki te whakawhiti ārai. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā kaimahi te whakawhiti ārai whakakore i roto i te 30 hēkona, iti iho rānei, he rerekē rawa atu ki ngā tukanga roa e pā ana ki ngā ārai tuku iho. Ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake noa tēnei whakakapinga tere i te rere o te mahi engari ka whakaiti hoki i te tūponotanga o te poke i te wā e whakahaeretia ana.
E whakaatu ana te ripanga e whai ake nei i ngā āhuatanga matua e whakamāmā ake ai ngā ārai whakamahi-kore i ngā ārai whakamahi-anō:
| Āhuatanga | Ārai Whakakore | Ārai Whakamahi Anō |
|---|---|---|
| Te koretake | Te korenga o te huakita i te wā e whakamahia ana | Te tūponotanga o te paru toenga |
| Te whakahaere | Ka whakaitihia te mōrearea o te poke mā te whakamahi iti | Me maha ngā taahiraa whakahaere |
| Wā Whakarite | Kua rite mō te whakamahi tonu | Me horoi me te whakamate |
| Te Whai Hua o te Rokiroki | Ka whakaitihia te raruraru e te takai kiato | Me whai wāhi mō ngā taputapu horoi |
| Taumahatanga Whakahaere | Ka whakaiti i ngā taumahatanga whakahaere | Ngā whakaritenga whakahaere teitei ake |
Mā te whakakore i te hiahia mō te horoi me te tiaki, ka whakarei ake ngā ārai whakakorekore i te whai huatanga whānui i roto i ngā wāhi tiaki hauora. Mā ēnei ka taea e ngā kaimahi te arotahi ki te tiaki tūroro, kaua ki ngā mahi horoi e pau ana te wā.
Te Whai Hua o te Utu i roto i ngā Wāhi Hauora
Ahakoa te ahua nui ake o te utu mō ngā ārai whakakorekore e pai ana ki te taiao i te tirohanga tuatahi, ka arahi pea ēnei ki te ngā penapena utu mō te wā roa i roto i ngā whare hauora. Ko te utu toharite mō te huringa ora o ngā ārai ka taea te whakamahi anō ka nui ake pea nā te horoi me te tiaki i ngā utu. Hei tauira, ko ngā ārai ka taea te whakamahi anō me whakakapi i ia ono marama, ā, ko te utu katoa mō te huringa ora o te $115,750 i roto i ngā tau e whitu. He rerekē, ko ngā ārai ka taea te whakamahi anō, e whakakapia ana i ia marama, ka puta he utu katoa mō te huringa ora o te $224,000 i roto i taua wā anō.
| Momo Ārai | Te roanga o te ora | Auautanga Whakakapinga | Te Utu Katoa o te Huringa Ora (7 tau) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ārai Whakamahi Anō | Tae atu ki te 7 tau | Ia ono marama | $115,750 |
| Ārai Whakakore | 1 te whakamahinga ki te 3 marama | Ia marama | $224,000 |
Ahakoa te nui ake o ngā utu i te tīmatanga, ka taea e ngā ārai whakakorekore te whakaiti i ngā utu horoi, te whakaiti i ngā whakapaunga mahi e pā ana ki te horoi, me te whakaiti i te whakamahinga wai. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakamahi i ngā rauemi pirau-koiora e hangai ana ki ngā whāinga oranga tonutanga, ā, he kōwhiringa tika tēnei mō ngā whare hauora e aro ana ki te taiao.
Ngā Āhuatanga Hoa-Taiao
Ngā Rauemi me ngā Tukanga Hanga
Ko ngā ārai ārai-kore e pai ana ki te taiao e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi pumau e whakaiti ana i te pānga ki te taiao. Ko ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko:
- Ngā momo ārai pirau-koiora
- Ngā momo ārai hangarua
Ka pirau noa iho ēnei rauemi, ka whakaiti i te kino mō te taiao mō te wā roa. Ko ngā tukanga hanga mō ēnei ārai he mea nui anō hoki te pumau. Kei te ripanga e whai ake nei ngā mahi matua e pai ana ki te taiao i roto i te hanga:
| Te Mahi Ā-Taiao | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Ngā Rauemi Tauwhiro | Te neke ki ngā papanga pirau-ā-tinana, me ngā papanga hangarua e tere pirau ai, hei whakaiti i ngā kino mō te wā roa. |
| Te Whakaiti i te Para | Ngā tukanga whakaputa whai hua e whakaiti ana i te moumou rauemi, e whakaiti ana hoki i te whakamahinga rauemi. |
| Ngā Kaupapa Whakamahi Anō | Ngā kaupapa hei kohikohi me te whakamahi anō i ngā ārai kua whakamahia, hei ārai i te kohikohinga o ngā ururua whenua. |
| Te Whakahoromata Auaha | Ngā tikanga pēnei i te whakahoromata i ngā hihi irahiko hei whakaiti i ngā matū kino me ngā pānga ki te taiao. |
| Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao | Te whakamahi i ngā tukanga penapena-pūngao hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro i te wā e whakaputa ana. |
Pānga ki te Whakaiti Para
He nui te whai wāhi a te whakatinanatanga o ngā ārai whakakore kore e pai ana mō te taiao ki te whakaiti i ngā para i roto i ngā whare hauora. He mea nui te mahi a ngā kaupapa hangarua me te whakakoi wairākau whai hua ki tēnei mahi. Ko ngā wāhanga matua o ēnei kaupapa ko:
- Mātauranga me te whakangungu: He mea nui te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi mō te whakakorenga tika me te hangarua kia whai hua ai te whakahaere para.
- Ngā hononga mahi tahi me ngā whare hangarua: Mā te mahi tahi me ngā pokapū hangarua ā-rohe ka tika te whakahaere i ngā rauemi.
- Ngā mahi tauwhiro: Mā te whakatinana i ngā kaupapa oranga tonutanga ka āwhina i te whakaiti i te para whānui me te whakatairanga i ngā mahi hangarua.
Mā te whakamahi i ēnei tikanga, ka taea e ngā whare hauora te hono atu ki ngā whāinga pumau o te ao, me te whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o ā rātou mahi. Ko te nekehanga ki ngā rauemi me ngā tukanga e pai ana ki te taiao e whakaatu ana i te mōhiotanga e tipu haere ana ki te hiahia mō ngā hua e tika ana mō te taiao i roto i te rāngai hauora.
Te Whakataurite ki ngā Ārai Hōhipera Tuku Iho
Ngā Rerekētanga o te Akuaku me te Tiaki
He rerekē rawa ngā tikanga akuaku i waenga i ngā ārai hōhipera tuku iho me ngā ārai hōhipera tuku iho. Ka taea te whakakapi i ngā ārai whakakorekore i ngā wā kua whakaritea, i ngā wā rānei e kitea ana te paru, kia iti ake ai te tūponotanga o te poke. He rerekē, me horoi auau ngā ārai tuku iho, ka mau tonu ai ngā āhuatanga patu huakita i muri i ngā horoinga maha. He mea nui te whakangungu kaimahi mō te whakahaere tika me ngā mahi akuaku mō ngā momo e rua.
Kei te ripanga e whai ake nei ngā rerekētanga matua o te akuaku me te tiaki:
| Āhuatanga | Ārai Whakakore | Ngā Ārai Tuku Iho |
|---|---|---|
| Tikanga Horoi | Ka whakakapia ina paru; me horoi auau | Horoia i ia wā; horoia i waenga i ngā horoinga ki te mīhini mimiti |
| Ngā Whakaritenga Tiaki | Me whakakapi mēnā he paru te āhua; kaua e horoia | Me whakamahi ratonga horoi kakahu; ka taea te tu atu i ngā horoinga maha |
| Ngā Mahi Whakahaere Mate | E taunakihia ana kia whakarerekētia i ngā wā katoa, inā koa i ngā wā e pakaru mai ana te mate | Ka ora tonu ngā āhuatanga paturopi i ngā horoinga maha |
I ngā wāhi tiaki nui, kāore pea e whai hua te utu o ngā ārai whakakorekore nā te maha o ngā whakawhiti. Heoi, ko tō rātou kaha ki te whakaitihia te mōrearea poke he mea pai ake rātou i roto i te maha o ngā ratonga hauora.
Aromatawai Pānga Taiao
He mea nui ngā whakaaro mō te pānga ki te taiao o ngā ārai whakakorekore. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ahakoa me whakawhiti pinepine ngā ārai whakakorekore, ka nui ake te para me te utu mō te wā roa. Ahakoa ka taea te whakamahi anō i ngā ārai tuku iho, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake te wai me te pūngao e pau ana i te wā e horoi ana.
Ko ngā hoahoa tauwhiro, pērā i ngā ārai tūmataiti a Silentia, e whakatairanga ana i te akuaku me te pakari, e roa ana mō ngā tau tekau. Mā tēnei roa o te ora ka whakaitihia te pānga ki te taiao ki te whakataurite ki ngā ārai tuku iho, e hiahia ana pea kia whakakapia pinepine.
Hei whakamutunga, me paunatia e ngā whare hauora ngā painga o te whakahaere mate urutā me ngā pānga ki te taiao o ā rātou kōwhiringa ārai.
He kōwhiringa whai hua ngā ārai ārai-kore e pai ana ki te taiao mō ngā whare hauora. Ka whakarei ake i te whakahaere mate mā te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te poke whakawhiti. Ko ngā painga matua ko:
- Te Whakangāwari me te AkuakuMā te hoahoa kotahi-whakamahinga ka kore e hiahiatia te horoi kakahu, ka whakarite kia noho parakore tonu te taiao.
- Te Whai Hua o te UtuAhakoa he nui ake ngā utu tīmatanga, ka hua ake he penapena mō te wā roa mā te tango i ngā whakapaunga tiaki tonu.
- Te Kawenga TaiaoHe maha ngā kōwhiringa e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi tauwhiro, e hangai ana ki ngā kaupapa atawhai taiao.
Mā te whakamahi i ēnei ārai ka pai ake ngā putanga o te hauora mō ngā tūroro, ā, ka whakatairanga i te whakapau kaha ki te oranga tonutanga o te hauora. 🌱
Ngā Pātai Auau
He aha ngā mea e hangaia ai ngā ārai ārai-kore e pai ana mō te taiao?
Ngā ārai whakakorekore e pai ana mō te taiao he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā rauemi pirau, ka taea rānei te hangarua, hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao, me te whakarite hoki i te akuaku me te haumaru i roto i ngā wāhi tiaki hauora.
Kia pēhea te auau o te whakakapinga o ngā ārai whakakorekore?
I te nuinga o te wā ka whakakapia e ngā whare hauora ngā ārai whakakorekore i ia marama, i ngā wā rānei e kitea ana te paru hei pupuri i te akuaku me ngā paerewa whakahaere mate.
He pai te utu mō ngā ārai whakakorekore mō ngā hōhipera?
Ahakoa he nui ake ngā utu tīmatanga, ka taea e ngā ārai whakamahi noa te penapena moni mō te wā roa mā te whakakore i ngā whakapaunga horoi me ngā whakapaunga tiaki e pā ana ki ngā ārai tuku iho.
