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He aha ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore e Huri ana i te Whakahaere Mate Pāwera i roto i te Hauora Hou
Kei te tūpono tonu ngā taiao hauora ki ngā mōrearea mai i ngā mate urutā e pā ana ki te hauora. E whakaatu ana ngā tatauranga e whai ake nei i te tauine:
| Whakaahuatanga Tatauranga | Raraunga / Uara |
|---|---|
| Ngā HAI ā-tau puta noa i te pūnaha hauora o Amerika | Neke atu i te 1 miriona |
| Ngā mate e matapaetia ana i waenga i ngā tūroro hōhipera me ngā HAI (2015) | Tata ki te 72,000 |
Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore āwhina ki te aro atu ki ēnei mōrearea. He maha ngā whare inaianei e whiriwhiri ana ārai rūma iti whakakorekore me ārai hauora ngā hua i runga ake i ngā tikanga tuku iho ārai hōhipera ngā kōwhiringa.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Ārai hōhipera whakakorekore whakaitihia ngā mōrearea mate mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi paturopi hei aukati i te horapa o ngā iroriki kino ki ngā mata e pāngia pinepinetia ana.
- He māmā, he tere hoki te whakakapi i ēnei ārai, e penapena ana i te wā o ngā kaimahi, e whakaiti ana hoki i ngā tūponotanga haumaru ki te whakaritea ki ngā ārai papanga tuku iho.
- Ka penapena moni ngā hōhipera, ka whakapai ake hoki i te haumaru o te tūroro mā te huri ki ārai whakakorekore, me te whakamahi anō hoki i ngā tikanga pai hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao.
Ngā Mōrearea me ngā Here o te Mate Pāwera o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Tuku Iho
Ngā Papa Pā-Tino me te Tukunga o ngā Mate Tuku Iho
Hōhipera Ārai Tūmataitinga kei roto i ngā mata e pāngia pinepinetia ana i ngā wāhi tiaki tūroro. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ēnei ārai e ngā kaimahi hauora, ngā tūroro, me ngā manuhiri i mua, i te wā, me muri i ngā mahi tiaki. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau tata ki te haurua o ngā kaimahi hauora ka pāngia e te huakita i ō rātou matimati i muri i te pā ki ngā ārai. I roto i te wā, ka piki ake te poke, inā koa i ngā wāhi e pupuri ana te tangata i te papanga.
I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau ahurea e 42% o ārai hōhipera i mau mai ngā enterococci ātete-vancomycin, 22% i mau mai ngā Staphylococcus aureus ātete-methicillin (MRSA), ā, 4% i mau mai ngā Clostridium difficile. I whakaūtia e ngā ahurea tānga ringa he ngāwari te whakawhiti o ēnei mate ki ngā ringaringa, ā, he puna nui tēnei o ngā mate e pā ana ki te hauora mō ngā ārai. Ka taea e ngā mate pēnei i te MRSA me ngā momo Candida te ora i runga i ngā kakahu ārai mō ngā rā ki ngā wiki, ko ngā huakita Gram-kino pēnei i te Pseudomonas aeruginosa me te Acinetobacter baumannii ka ora tonu mō te neke atu i te marama. Ko te mau tonu o ēnei rauropi e whakaatu ana i te mōrearea e pā mai ana i ngā ārai tuku iho.
He rite ngā ārai hōhipera ki ngā mate urutā, hei puna mō ngā huaketo kino, hei āwhina hoki i tō rātou horapa puta noa i ngā taiao hauora.
Ngā Wero Horoi me ngā Take Whakatutukitanga
He maha ngā wero mō te pupuri i ngā ārai papanga tuku iho, arā, ngā mahi whakarite me te haumaru. E 30 meneti pea te roa o te tango me te whakakapi i ia ārai, ā, he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he arawhata, ā, ka tūpono pea ngā kaimahi ki ngā whara. Tērā pea ka tōia ngā ārai ki runga i te papa i te wā e whakawhiti ana, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te poke. Me whakamahi ngā kaimahi i ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro, me te whai i ngā tikanga ātaahua hei karo i te poke whakawhiti.
Me horoi auau te tinana hei whakahaere i ngā mate pāwera, engari he nui te mahi me te utu nui o te tukanga. Me tu atu ngā ārai ki te horoinga ā-pākihi, ka kino pea ngā wāhanga e iri ana, ka whakapoto hoki i te roa o te ora. He maha ngā wā ka kore e auau te horoinga o ēnei uauatanga, ā, ka noho tonu ngā ārai hei pūtake o ngā moroiti kino. He rerekē, Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore whakarato i tētahi huarahi whai hua mā te whakangāwari i te whakakapinga me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te poke.
| Wero | Pānga ki te Whakahaere Mate |
|---|---|
| Te tango roa | Ka whakaroa i te horoinga, ka whakapiki i te mōrearea |
| Ngā tūponotanga haumaru | Ngā whara o ngā kaimahi, te whakararuraru i te rere o te mahi |
| Te horoi kakahu koretake | Te kohikohinga o ngā huaketo |
| Te mōrearea whakawhiti-paru | Te horapa o ngā HAI |
Me pēhea te whakapai ake a ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore i te Whakahaere Mate
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua me ngā Āhuatanga Paturopi
Kei roto i ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore-Patunga ngā hangarau patu huakita matatau hei aro atu ki ngā tūponotanga paru e kitea ana i runga i ngā mata e pāngia ana e te nuinga o te wā. He maha ngā kaihanga e whakamahi ana i te hiriwa whakakīkī, me ngā matū patu huakita me te patu harore, hei aukati i te tipu o ngā pathogens. Ko te tikanga he 100% polypropylene ēnei ārai, he mea whakarei ake ki te hiriwa nanometer me ētahi atu kaihoko patu huakita. E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga ka hangaia e ēnei rauemi ngā rohe aukati ki ngā huakita pēnei i te MRSA, VRE, Clostridium difficile, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, me te Acinetobacter. I roto i ngā tautuhinga haumanu, inā koa ngā wāhanga tiaki nui, ka kitea he iti rawa te paru e kitea ana e ngā ārai patu huakita. Hei tauira, e ai ki ngā rangahau kāore he kitenga o te MRSA, o te Enterobacteriaceae ātete-carbapenem rānei i runga i ngā ārai sporicidal i roto i te roanga o te ora e ono marama te roa.
| Āhuatanga | Ngā Taipitopito |
|---|---|
| Hangarau Paturopi | Te whakakī hiriwa ki ngā matū patu huakita me te patu harore |
| Rauemi Ārai | 100% polypropylene me te hiriwa nanometer me ētahi atu matū |
| Ngā Mate Tuku Iho Kua Whakamātauria | MRSA, VRE, C. difficile, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, harore |
| Te Whai Huatanga o te Taiwhanga | Ngā rohe aukati (0.5–5 mm), te aukati whakapā tae atu ki te 6 marama |
| Te Whai Huatanga Hauora (ICU) | Kāore i kitea he MRSA, he CRE, he C. difficile rānei i runga i ngā ārai patu-poro. |
| Taunakitanga Whakakapinga | Ia ono marama i ngā wāhi tino mōrearea |
| Te Tūranga Whakahaere Mate | Te whakaiti i te poke o ngā moroiti i roto i ngā wāhi ICU |
Mā ēnei āhuatanga ka tū ngā Ārai Hōhipera Tukurua hei tikanga whakahaere mate pukumahi engari he kaha hoki, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā mate e pā ana ki te hauora.
Ngāwari o te Tāutanga me te Whakakapinga
Ka whai hua ngā whare hauora i te tukanga tāutanga me te whakakapinga māmā o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore. Ka taea e ngā kaimahi te whakakapi i ēnei ārai i roto i ngā meneti noa iho, ki te whakaritea ki ngā hāora e hiahiatia ana mō ngā ārai papanga tuku iho i roto i ngā wāhanga maha-moenga. Ko te nuinga o ngā kōwhiringa whakakore ka uru ki ngā ara ārai o nāianei, ā, ka whakamahia he kawe pana-roto, ka kore e hiahiatia he whakapai ake i ngā taputapu. Mā tēnei whai huatanga ka whakaitihia te whakararuraru o te rere mahi, ā, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o ngā kaimahi ki ngā whara pea i te wā e whakawhiti ana i ngā ārai.
E ai ki ngā kaimahi o ngā hōhipera matua, pērā i te Royal Hospital i Rānana me te Central Medical Center o New York, ka pai ake te rere o ngā mahi me ngā mahi o ia rā mā ngā ārai whakakorekore. E kite ana hoki ngā kaiwhakahaere kua whakaitihia ngā utu horoi me ngā mahi tiaki.
Mā te ngāwari o te whakamahi ka nui ake te whakawhiti ārai, ka tautoko i te whai i ngā ture akuaku, me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whakawhiti poke.
Te Whakaiti i te Whakawhitiwhitinga me ngā Pakarutanga
He mea nui te mahi a ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore-Pai ki te motu i te mekameka o te mate. Nā te whakamahinga kotahi ka whakarite kia whiwhi ia tūroro i tētahi ārai hou, kāore he poke. Ko ngā hōhipera e huri ana ki ngā ārai whakakore-pai ka kite i te iti ake o te poke huakita i muri i ngā rā tekau, me te iti o ngā reiti poke anō i roto i te wiki. He rerekē, ko ngā ārai miro tuku iho e whakaatu ana i te nui o te poke me te reiti poke anō 92%. Ka mau tonu te kaha antimicrobial o ngā ārai whakakore-pai mō te rua tau, ā, ka whai hua ki te whakakore i ngā pathogens pērā i te MRSA me te Clostridium difficile.
E ai ki ngā pūrongo a ngā whare tiaki hauora, he iti ake ngā pakarutanga me ngā putanga pai ake o te whakahaere mate i muri i te whakamahi i ngā ārai whakakorekore, inā koa i roto i ngā wāhanga morearea nui pēnei i ngā ICU me ngā rūma pokanga.
Mā tēnei huarahi matatau ka iti ake ngā mate urutā e pā ana ki te hauora, ā, ka tautoko hoki i ngā taiao tiaki tūroro kia haumaru ake.
Te Penapena Utu me te Whai Hua Whakahaere
He nui ngā painga utu me ngā painga whakahaere o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore. Ahakoa ko te utu tīmatanga mō ia waeine kei waenga i te $27.25 ki te $101.40, ka kore e whakamahia e ēnei ārai te horoi me te tiaki tonu. Me horoi auau ngā ārai tuku iho me ngā maimoatanga paturopi, ka piki ake te utu mahi me te wā kore mahi. I roto i te wā kotahi tau, ka kitea he pai ake te utu o ngā ārai whakakore nā te penapena i te tiaki me te whakahaere mate.
| Momo Ārai | Te Utu Tīmatanga mō ia Wāhanga (USD) | Ngā Utu Tiaki me te Horoi | Ētahi atu Take Utu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ārai Whakakore (Kua Maimoatia) | $55.09 – $101.40 | Kāore | Kāore e horoia; ka whakaitihia te mahi me te wā kore mahi |
| Ārai Whakakore (Kāore i Whakapaipaitia) | $27.25 – $33.10 | Kāore | Kotahi te whakamahinga; ka whakakore i te mōrearea o te mate |
| Ngā Ārai Tuku Iho | Teitei ake (te whānuitanga tika Kāore i te wātea) | Me horoi me te maimoatanga auau | Te pikinga ake o ngā utu tiaki me ngā utu mahi |
Ka pai ake hoki te whai huatanga o te mahi. Hei tauira, i whakaitihia e te City Medical Center te wā horoi me te wā whakamate i waenga i ngā tikanga mā te whakamahi i ngā ārai whakakorekore. Nā tēnei panoni i whakapiki ake te mahi a ngā tūroro, ā, i whakaitihia te wā kore mahi o te rūma. Ka taea e ngā kaimahi te aro nui ake ki te tiaki tūroro, kaua ki te tiaki ārai, kia pai ake ai te mahi a te hōhipera.
Ngā Whakaaroaro Taiao me ngā Tikanga Pai rawa atu
Ko te whakamahinga whānui o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore ka ara ake he āwangawanga nui mō te taiao. Ko tōna āhua whakamahi kotahi ka whai wāhi ki te kohikohinga para me te pikinga o te pēhanga whenua ururua. Ka pau hoki ngā rauemi me te pūngao i te hanga me te tuku kaipuke. Heoi, kei te aro atu ngā auahatanga o te pūtaiao rauemi ki ēnei wero. Kei te tūhuratia ngā rauemi pirau-koiora me ngā kaupapa hangarua hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao. He mea nui ngā tikanga whakakorenga tika me te mātauranga kaimahi ki te whakaiti i te kino.
Ko ngā tikanga pai mō te whakamahinga tauwhiro ko:
- Te whakatū kaupapa hangarua mō ngā ārai i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi hangarua.
- Te whakamahi i ngā rauemi pirau-ā-tinana hei whakarite i te pirau ā-taiao.
- Te tūhura i ngā hangarau whakawhiti para-ki-pūngao.
- Te mahi tahi me ngā kaiwhakarato e whakatairanga ana i te whakaputanga e pai ana ki te taiao.
- Te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi ki ngā tikanga whakakore para e tika ana.
- Te aromatawai tonu me te whakapai ake i ngā kaupapa whakapūmau.
Ka taea e ngā hōhipera te whakataurite i te whakahaere mate me te kawenga mō te taiao mā te whakamahi i ēnei tikanga pai me te tautoko i te auahatanga tonu i roto i te hoahoa me te whakakorenga ārai.
He otinga whai hua ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore-Pau mō te whakahaere mate. Kua pai ake te pūrongo a ngā hōhipera te haumaru o te tūroro, te tere ake o te whakawhiti ārai, me te whakaiti i te whakawhiti poke.
- Mā te aroturukitanga aunoa o ngā hanganga ture ka taea te whakakapi i ngā mea i ia wā.
- Ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā mate e ngā āhuatanga paturopi me te hoahoa kotahi te whakamahinga.
- Ka iti ake te mahi a ngā kaimahi, ā, ka taea e ngā whare te penapena utu me te tutuki i ngā ture.
Ngā Pātai Auau
Kia pēhea te auau o te whakakapinga o ngā ārai hōhipera e ngā hōhipera?
Ko te nuinga o ngā whare hauora e kī ana kia whakakapia ngā ārai ārai i ia ono marama, i muri tonu rānei i te whakapā atu ki ngā tūroro pangia. Ka tautoko te whakakapinga auau i te whakahaere pai o te mate.
He hototahi ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ki ngā ara ārai o nāianei?
Ka uru ngā ārai whakakorekore ki ngā arai paerewa. Ka taea e ngā kaimahi te tāuta mā te whakamahi i ngā kawe whakapiri. Kāore he taputapu motuhake, he taputapu rānei e hiahiatia ana.
Ka taea e ngā hōhipera te hangarua i ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore?
Ka taea e ngā hōhipera te hangarua i ētahi ārai whakakorekore mēnā he mea hanga mai i ngā rauemi hangarua. Me whakapā atu ngā whare hauora ki ngā kaiwhakarato me te whai i ngā aratohu hangarua ā-rohe.
