Me pēhea te Whakapai ake i te Haumaru o te Tūroro me ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore

He maha ngā huakita kino e nohoia ana e ngā mata o te hōhipera, ā, he uaua tonu te whakahaere i ngā mate. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka pāngia e ngā mate e pā ana ki te hauora (HCAI) te 7.6% o ngā tūroro i ngā whenua whakawhanake, ā, tae atu ki te 19.1% i ngā rohe whakawhanake. Ka taea e ngā ārai papanga tuku iho te pupuri i ngā mate pēnei i te Acinetobacter baumannii mō ngā marama, ka piki ake ngā mōrearea. Ārai whakakorekore mō ngā hōhipera whakangāwari i ngā mahi akuaku, kia tukuna ai he huarahi haumaru ake, pono ake hoki hei whakaiti i te poke.

Ngā Whakaaro Matua

• Ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate nā te mea he ma ake i ngā mea papanga.
• Mā te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi ki te whakakapi tika i ngā ārai ka noho haumaru ake ngā tūroro.
• Ka ārai ngā rauemi motuhake o ēnei ārai i ngā huakita, ka ma ake ai ngā hōhipera, ā, ka whakamarie ake i ngā tūroro.

Ngā Mōrearea Matepukupuku Noa i roto i ngā Hōhipera

Te Tūranga o ngā Papa Para i roto i te Horapa o te Mate Pāwera

Kī tonu ngā taiao hōhipera i ngā mata e pāngia ana e te maha o ngā pā, ā, ka noho hei puna mō ngā mate kino. Ahakoa te horoinga o ia rā, ka noho tonu ēnei mata ki te paru, mai i ngā reera moenga ki ngā papapātuhi rorohiko. He rangahau i whakaputaina i roto i te Te Puka o Amerika mō te Whakahaere Mate i kitea kei te noho tonu ngā koroni huakita ki runga i ēnei mata, ā, e whai wāhi ana ki te pikinga ake o ngā mate urutā e pā ana ki te hauora.

Ngā mate pāwera pērā i Clostridium uaua me te huaketo Hepatitis B (HBV). C. uaua ka taea e te HBV te ora i runga i ngā mata tae atu ki te rima marama, ko te HBV ia ka ora tonu mō ngā rā e whitu. Ko ngā taonga e pāngia ana ko ngā wharepaku, ngā ipu moenga, me ngā here toto toto. I ngā wāhi e tata ana ki ngā tūroro kua pangia, ko ngā reiti poke o C. uaua ka eke ki te 58%. E whakaatu ana tēnei pumau i te hiranga o ngā tikanga patu huakita tino pai.

He wero motuhake ngā mata e pāngia pinepinetia ana, pērā i ngā pātene papu werohanga me ngā reera taha moenga. He maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana ēnei wāhi e ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi hauora, ā, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te poke whakawhiti. Mā te patu huakita i ia rā ka whakaiti i te urunga mai o ngā mate ki ngā ringaringa o ngā kaimahi hauora, engari ko te uaua ki te pupuri i ngā mata kia ma i roto i ngā hōhipera pukumahi he arai nui tonu.

Tohutohu: Ka taea e ngā rūma moenga kotahi te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate mā te whakawhāiti i te maha o ngā mata poke e tohaina ana i waenga i ngā tūroro.

He aha ngā Ārai Tuku Iho he Āwangawanga mō te Akuaku

Ko ngā ārai papanga tuku iho, e kore e arohia i te wā horoi, ka taea te pupuri i ngā mate kino. Ahakoa te āhua ma, tera pea kei roto i ēnei ārai he huakita ātete rongoā pērā i te MRSA. E taunaki ana te Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kia horoia ngā ārai ina kitea he paru, i muri i te maringi, me te whakarite i te tūponotanga o te poke. Heoi, kāore i te whaihia i ngā wā katoa ēnei aratohu nā te iti o te wā, nā te koretake rānei o ngā tikanga horoi.

Kei te piki haere te hononga o ngā mate pāwera e pā ana ki te hōhipera (HAI) ki ngā kakahu tiaki hauora, tae atu ki ngā ārai tūmataiti. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ahakoa ārai ārai huaketo ka taea te poke i roto i te wā. Ko ngā poke e kore e kitea, e kiia ana ko te "patina paru," ka arahi pea ki te kore e ranea ngā mahi horoi. Nā tēnei ka waiho ngā ārai tuku iho hei pūtake pea o te mate, inā koa i ngā wāhi morearea nui pēnei i ngā wāhanga tiaki nui me ngā wāhanga pokanga.

Ārai whakakorekore mō ngā hōhiperahe otinga whai hua mō tēnei raruraru. He rerekē ki ngā ārai papanga, he mea hanga kia ngāwari te whakakapi, kia mā ai, kia akuaku ai te taiao. Mā te whakauru Ārai whakakorekoreMā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga akuaku o te hōhipera, ka taea e ngā whare hauora te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea mate me te whakarei ake i te haumaru o ngā tūroro.

Ngā Painga o ngā Ārai Whakakore mō ngā Hōhipera

Whakakapinga me te Tiaki Ngāwari

Mā ngā ārai whakakorekore ka māmā ake te mahi pupuri i te taiao hōhipera kia ma. Kāore i rite ki ngā ārai papanga tuku iho, e hiahia ana kia horoia, kia roa hoki te wā whakamaroke, ka taea te whakakapi i ngā ārai whakakorekore i roto i ngā meneti. He tino whai hua tēnei huringa tere i ngā wāhi e hiahiatia ana te nuinga o te tangata pērā i ngā wāhanga ohorere me ngā rūma wehe.

Kua whakamahia e ngā hōhipera ngā tikanga hauora whai muri i te mate urutā e whakahau ana kia whakawhitia ngā ārai i ngā wā katoa, i ia 6–12 wiki. Ka tutuki ngāwari ēnei whakaritenga e ngā ārai whakakorekore, ā, ka whakarite kia tutukihia ngā ture ārai mate. Nā te hoahoa mama, ka ngāwari te whakahaere, ka whakaiti i te taumahatanga tinana ki ngā kaimahi i te wā e whakakapia ana.

Tohutohu: Ka taea e ngā pūnaha pūrakau aunoa te whakahaere i ngā whakawhiti ārai, te penapena i te wā me ngā utu mahi.

Te Whakaurunga ki ngā Tikanga Akuaku Hōhipera

Ka uru pai ngā ārai whakakorekore ki ngā tikanga akuaku hōhipera, ka whakarei ake ngā mahi whakahaere mate urutāE whakaatu ana ngā rangahau e 92% o ngā ārai ka taea te whakamahi anō ka poke i te huakita i roto i te wiki kotahi, ā, he nui ngā tūponotanga mōrearea. He rerekē, he iti ake te auau poke o ngā ārai ārai mate huakita, me te 0.56 CFU noa iho, ki te whakaritea ki te 32.6 CFU i runga i ngā ārai paerewa.

E ai ki ngā pūrongo a ngā hōhipera kua huri ki ngā ārai whakamahi-kore, kua heke te maha o ngā mate urutā mā te 30%. E whakaatu ana tēnei whakapainga i tō rātou whai huatanga ki te whakaiti i te whakawhiti-paru. Mā te whakauru i ngā ārai whakamahi-kore ki roto i ngā wā horoi o ia rā, ka taea e ngā whare hauora te waihanga i ngā taiao haumaru ake mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi.

Te Matatapu me te Whakamarie o te Tūroro

He tūāpapa nui te tūmataitinga o te tiaki tūroro, ā, he tino pai ngā ārai whakakorekore ki te whakarato i tēnei. I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau i te tau 2022 e 89% o ngā tūroro e whakaaro ana he mea nui ngā ārai tūmataitinga mō tō rātou whakamarie me te mana. I roto i ngā rūma tiritahi me ngā tari ohorere, ka hangaia e ēnei ārai he wāhi whaiaro i te wā o ngā whakamātautau, o ngā maimoatanga rānei, kia noho haumaru ai ngā tūroro.

Ka whai wāhi atu hoki ngā ārai whakakorekore ki te hanga i tētahi taiao ataahua ki te titiro. Mā te āhua hou, māori hoki ka whakamārama i ngā rūma hōhipera, ka poipoi i te wairua marino me te ngākau māhaki i waenga i ngā tūroro. Ka whakakotahi te "Ārai Whakakorekore Hōhipera Tae Tā" nā Esun i te mahi me te ataahua, ka tuku i ngā tānga ritenga kanapa hei whakarei ake i te āhua o ngā wāhi hauora.

• He mea nui ki ngā tūroro ngā ārai tūmataiti hei pupuri i te mana i te wā e kōrero ana.
• Mā ngā ārai whakakorekore ka puta he āhuarangi ma, manaaki hoki, ka nui ake te makona o te tūroro.
• I ngā wāhi e nui ana te haere o te tangata, ka whakaratohia e rātou he otinga tere, whai hua hoki mō te tiaki i ngā wāhi whaiaro.

Tuhipoka: He pai ngā ārai whakakorekore mō ngā noho poto noa, pērā i ngā wāhi hauora o waho, ina hiahiatia te horoi pinepine.

Ngā Āhuatanga Paturopi i roto i ngā Ārai Whakakore

Te aukati i te tipu o te huakita

Kei te whawhai tonu ngā hōhipera ki te poke o ngā huakita, inā koa i ngā mata e pāngia ana e te mate. Ngā ārai whakakorekore mō ngā hōhipera me ngā āhuatanga patu huakita he otinga kaha. He maha ngā wā kei roto i ēnei ārai he hiriwa, he quaternary ammonium chloride rānei (QAC), e kaha ana ki te whawhai ki ngā huakita. E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga, pērā i te ISO 20743, ka taea e ēnei ārai te whakaiti i ngā mate urutā tae atu ki te 99.9%.

E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau haumanu i tōna whai huatanga i roto i ngā taiao o te ao tūturu. Ko ngā ārai kua whakauruhia ki ngā QAC ka tino whakaiti i te taumahatanga moroiti ki te whakataurite ki ngā ārai paerewa. Inaa, kua pūrongo ngā hōhipera e whakamahi ana i ēnei ārai he 93% te hekenga o te poke moroiti katoa. Ko te tikanga o tēnei parenga roa ake he iti ake ngā whakakapinga me te taiao haumaru ake mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi.

• Kei roto i ngā ārai ārai-paturopi te hiriwa me ngā QAC hei patu i ngā huakita.
• E whakaū ana ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga i te hekenga o te maha o ngā mate urutā ki te 99.9%.
• E whakaatu ana ngā āhuatanga haumanu i te hekenga o te poke o ngā moroiti mā te 93%.

Tohutohu: Mā te whiriwhiri i ngā ārai ārai patu huakita ka taea te whakamahi hei ārai i ngā mate pāwera, ka āwhina i ngā hōhipera ki te pupuri i ngā wāhi kia ma ake me te iti ake o te mahi.

Te Tautoko i ngā Mahi Whakahaere Mate Pāwera

He mea nui te mahi a ngā ārai ārai-paturopi hei whakahaere i ngā mate. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau e whakataurite ana i te tipu o ngā huakita i runga i ngā ārai tuku iho me ngā ārai ārai-paturopi i ngā rerekētanga whakamiharo. Ka roa ake te poke o ngā ārai he āhuatanga ārai-paturopi, ā, ka whakaitihia te auau o te horoinga me te whakakapinga.

Mā te whakaiti i ngā kawenga moroiti, ka tautokohia e ēnei ārai ngā tikanga akuaku hōhipera, ā, ka whakapai ake i te haumaru o ngā tūroro. Nā te mea ka roa ake te noho ma, he kōwhiringa whai hua, he whai hua hoki mō ngā whare hauora.

Ngā Rautaki Whakatinanatanga Mahi Tahi

Te Whakangungu i ngā Kaimahi mō te Whakakapinga Ārai Tika

Mā te whakangungu tika ka taea e ngā kaimahi hōhipera te whakakapi i ngā ārai whakakorekore me te whai hua, me te akuaku hoki. He maha ngā kaimahi hauora kāore i te mōhio ki te auau o te whakawhiti ārai, me ngā tikanga tika rānei mō te mahi pera. Ka taea e ngā wā whakangungu auau te whakakī i tēnei āputa. Me arotahi ēnei wā ki te whakaako i ngā kaimahi me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā ārai me te kore e horapa ngā poke. Ka taea e ngā whakaaturanga te whakaatu i te huarahi tika ki te tango i ngā ārai kua whakamahia me te tāuta i ngā mea hou me te kore e pā ki ngā wāhi parakore.

Ka taea hoki e ngā hōhipera te whakamahi i ngā āwhina tirohanga pēnei i ngā pānui, i ngā aratohu taahiraa-i-te-taahiraa rānei i roto i ngā wāhi rokiroki. Ka āwhina ēnei whakamaumahara ki te whakapakari i ngā mahi pai. Hei tauira, me mōhio ngā kaimahi he mea hanga ngā ārai whakakorekore mō ngā hōhipera kia tere, kia ngāwari hoki te whakakapi. Mā tēnei āhuatanga ka whakaitihia te wā kore mahi, ā, ka tere ake te rite o ngā rūma tūroro.

Tohutohu: Mā te whakarite i ētahi mema o te tīma hei tirotiro i te whakakapinga o ngā ārai ka pai ake te kawenga me te ōritetanga.

Tautoko Whakahaere mō ngā Otinga Whakahaere Mate Pāwera

He mea nui te tautoko kaha a te kaiwhakahaere ki te pupuri i te ngā mahi whakahaere mate urutāMe whakarite e ngā kaiwhakahaere hōhipera ngā rauemi mō te aukati i te mate, tae atu ki te whakamahi i ngā ārai whakakorekore. Mā te tohatoha tahua mō ngā ārai kounga teitei, ka taea e rātou te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā mate e pā ana ki te hauora (HAI).

Ka taea hoki e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakatinana i ngā kaupapa here e akiaki ana i te whakawhiti pinepine i ngā ārai. Hei tauira, kua whakaatuhia te whakamahi i te hauwai waikura ki ngā ārai rūma iti ka whakaiti i ngā mate urutā mā te 98.5%. Ka whakangawari ake ngā ārai whakakorekore i tēnei tukanga nā te mea ka taea te whakakapi tonu i muri i te whakamahinga. Mā te whakanui ake i ngā mahi horoi me te whakakapi pinepine i ngā ārai ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga mate.

• He iti ake ngā HAI e pūrongohia ana e ngā hōhipera whai muri i te whakamahi i ngā ārai whakakorekore.
• Kei te piki haere te rongonui o ngā ārai parakore nā te mea he ngāwari ki te whakamahi me te whai huatanga.

Mā te mahi tahi a ngā kaiwhakahaere me ngā kaimahi ka whai hua, ka pumau hoki ēnei otinga. Ina mahi tahi te katoa, ka taea e ngā hōhipera te waihanga i ngā taiao haumaru ake mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi hauora.

Kei te hurihia te whakahaere mate urutā e ngā ārai whakakorekore mō ngā hōhipera i roto i te hauora. Nā ō rātou āhuatanga patu huakita me te ngāwari o te whakakapinga, he mea nui rawa atu ēnei ārai. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei ārai i ngā hōhipera ka hangaia he wāhi ma ake mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi. Mā te whakatairanga i te akuaku, ka whakaitihia ngā mōrearea, ka whakapai ake hoki i te haumaru mō te hunga katoa e tomo ana i ō rātou tatau.

Ngā Pātai Auau

He aha te mea e pai ake ai ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore i ngā ārai papanga tuku iho?

He māmā ake te whakakapi i ngā ārai whakakorekore, he akuaku ake, ā, he maha ngā āhuatanga patu huakita kei roto. Ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te mate, ka penapena wā hoki mō ngā kaimahi hōhipera.

Kia pēhea te auau o te whakakapinga o ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore?

I te nuinga o te wā ka whakakapia ngā hōhipera i ia 6–12 wiki, i mua atu rānei, i ngā wāhi tino mōrearea. Mā te whakakapinga pinepine ka ma ake, ka haumaru ake hoki te taiao mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi.

Ka taea te whakarite i ngā ārai whakakorekore a Esun?

Āe! He hoahoa kanapa, he tānga hoki ā Esun hei whakamārama i ngā wāhi hōhipera. Ka whakakotahi ēnei ārai i te mahi me te ataahua, ka waihanga i tētahi āhuarangi manaaki, harikoa hoki mō ngā tūroro.

Tohutohu: Kōwhiria ngā kōwhiringa patu huakita hei ārai atu i ngā huakita me ētahi atu mate urutā.