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He aha ngā Ārai Hōhipera e Me Whai Wāhi ana mō te Hauora Hou i te US me Kanata
Mea whakakorekore ārai hōhipera he mea nui mō te whakahaere mate urutā i roto i ngā taiao hauora. Ko ēneiārai tūmataiti hōhipera hei ārai nui, hei ārai i te horapa o ngā mate urutā e pā ana ki te hauora. I a ngā hōhipera e mahi ana ki te pupuri i ngā paerewa akuaku teitei, ko ngā otinga pēnei i ārai hōhipera kotahi te whakamahinga ka noho hei mea tino nui. Ko te hiahia mō ēnei ārai hōhipera whakakorekore mō te whakahaere mate kei te piki haere, nā te arotahi nui ki te pupuri i tētahi taiao haumaru, ma hoki.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Ka whakaitihia e ngā ārai hōhipera tukurua te tūponotanga o te mate mā te whakarato i tētahi ārai hou mō ia tūroro, ā, ka ārai i te whakawhiti i te poke.
- He iti te utu o ēnei ārai, ka whakakore i ngā whakapaunga horoi kakahu, ā, ka pai ake te whai huatanga o ngā mahi i roto i ngā whare hauora.
- Ārai whakakorekoreKa tutuki i ngā paerewa hauora tino pakari, kia mau ai te haumaru me te tūmataitinga o te tūroro, me te whakarei ake anō hoki i te akuaku whānui o ngā taiao hauora.
Ngā Mate Pāwera me ngā Ārai e Pā Ana ki te Hauora
Ngā Mōrearea Mate e Hono Ana ki ngā Ārai Hōhipera
He maha ngā wā ka warewarehia ngā ārai hōhipera i roto i ngā wāhi tiaki hauora, engari he maha ngā momo mate pāwera kei roto. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau neke atu i te 20% o ngā ahurea mai i ngā ārai tūmataiti tūroro i ngā whare tiaki kaumātua he pai te whakamātautau mō ngā rauropi ātete-maha-rongoā (MDRO). Hei tauira, i kitea i roto i tētahi tātaritanga nui o ngā tauira 1,521 mai i ngā whare tiaki o Michigan he 22% o ngā tauira ārai kei roto ngā MDRO, tae atu ki te vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) i roto i te 13.8% o ngā ahurea me te methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) i roto i te 4.9%.
Ngā Kitenga Matua mō te Parahanga Ārai:
- Te Auau o te Parahanga: I whakamātauhia he pai te 22% o ngā tauira ārai mō ngā MDRO.
- Ngā Mate Tuku Iho Noa: I kitea te VRE i roto i te 13.8% o ngā ahurea, ko te MRSA i roto i te 4.9%.
- Tukunga Tūroro-Ārai: 15.7% o ngā kēhi i whai MDRO ōrite i runga i te tūroro me te ārai.
- Auautanga Horoi: Kāore i te auau te horoinga o ngā ārai, ā, ka nui ake te poke.
Mā te kore e horoia ngā ārai tuku iho ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te horapa o te mate. I te mea ka kohia e ēnei mata ngā pathogens, ka noho hei kawe pea i te horapa i waenga i ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi hauora.
Te Āhua o te Whakakorenga o te Tukunga o te Iroriki e ngā Ārai Hōhipera e Whakakorea Ana
He otinga matatau ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ki ngā tūponotanga mate e pā ana ki ngā ārai papanga tuku iho. Nā te hoahoa kotahi-whakamahinga ka whakakorea te tūponotanga o te paru toenga, ka whakarite kia whiwhi ia tūroro i tētahi ārai hou. Mā tēnei huarahi ka tino whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te whakawhiti mate.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e ngā ārai whakakorekore te whakakore i te mekameka tuku o ngā mate. Hei tauira, he maha ngā āhuatanga patu huakita kei roto, ā, ka ārai i te tipu o ngā huakita. He rerekē, tera pea kei roto i ngā ārai tuku iho ngā huakita pangia ahakoa kua horoia.
| Āhuatanga | Ārai Whakakore | Ngā Ārai Tuku Iho |
|---|---|---|
| Parenga Ārai | Ka ārai te iti o te urunga i te haere a te mate huaketo | Ka taea te pupuri i ngā moroiti ahakoa kua horoia |
| Hoahoa Whakamahinga Kotahi | Ka whakakore i te mōrearea o te paru toenga | Ka taea te whakamahi anō, kei te mau tonu te mōrearea o te poke |
| Tukanga Whakakore Haumaru | Kua hiritia, kua tukatukahia hoki mā roto i ngā pūnaha para hauora | Kāore pea te horoi paerewa e whakakore i ngā mate katoa |
| Ngā Taunakitanga Hauora | He iti ake ngā reiti whakawhiti i roto i ngā hōhipera | Kua pūrongohia ngā reiti teitei ake o te pangia whakawhiti |
Mā te whakakapi i ngā ārai ārai whakamahi-kore i ngā wā katoa, ka taea e ngā whare hauora te pupuri i te iti o te huakita, ā, ka pai ake te akuaku whānui. E whakaatu ana ngā taunakitanga he nui te hekenga o te maha o ngā mate pāwera i roto i ngā hōhipera e whakamahi ana i ngā ārai ārai whakamahi-kore i ngā hōhipera, ā, ka whai wāhi ki te whakapai ake i te haumaru o te tūroro me te whakahaere i ngā mate.
He aha ngā Ārai Hōhipera e taea te whakakore?
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua me ngā Rauemi i Whakamahia
Ko ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore he mea hanga i ngā rauemi motuhake hei whakarei ake i te whakahaere mate me te haumaru i roto i ngā wāhi tiaki hauora. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaihanga e whakamahi ana i te polypropylene kore-whatu, e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga ārai kaha ki te urunga mai o ngā moroiti. Mā tēnei rauemi ka ngāwari te whakakore, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā mate i riro mai i te hōhipera. He maha ngā ārai e whakauru ana i ngā tāpiringa paturopi e aukati ana i te tipu o ngā kitakita me ngā pathogens i runga i ō rātou mata, e whakapai ake ana i te akuaku.
Ko ētahi atu maimoatanga ko ngā paninga ārai mura e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa haumaru ahi tino pakari pērā i te NFPA 701. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei maimoatanga te roa o te mura me te roa o te tahunga, kia kore ai ngā ārai e horapa te ahi i roto i ngā taiao haumanu. Kei roto hoki i ētahi ārai whakakorekore ngā mahi auaha pērā i te ārai waipiro me te ārai-pūmau, e whakarei ake ana i te tiaki i ngā wāhi morearea.
Ko ētahi atu rauemi noa ko te polyester me ngā papanga pania ki te vinyl, e whakarato ana i te pakari me te ātete ki ngā wai. Ka āwhina ēnei āhuatanga whakakotahi ki te aukati i ngā huakita kino me ngā huaketo kei noho ki runga i ngā mata o te ārai, kia mau tonu ai te taiao haumaru mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi hauora.
Ngā Rauemi me ngā Āhuatanga Matua:
- Polypropylene kore-whatu mō te ārai moroiti me te whakakorenga
- Ngā tāpiringa paturopi hei aukati i te tipu o ngā pathogens
- Ngā maimoatanga ārai mura e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa NFPA 701
- Ngā papanga polyester me te vinyl kua pania ki te wai hei pupuri i te pakari me te ātete ki te wai
- He ātete waipiro me te ārai-pūmau hei tiaki pai ake
Ngā Painga ki ngā Ārai Tuku Iho
He maha ngā painga o ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ki ngā ārai papanga tuku iho, inā koa mō te whakahaere mate me te tiaki. Me horoi pinepine, me whakakapi rānei ngā ārai tuku iho kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa akuaku. Heoi, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau i te rā 14, 87.5% o ngā ārai kua horoia kei te whai MRSA tonu, e whakaatu ana i te uauatanga o te pupuri i te ma. He rerekē, ka whakakorea e ngā ārai whakakorekore te hiahia ki te horoi mā te whakarato i tētahi ārai hou, parakore mō ia tūroro.
Ko te tiaki i ngā ārai tuku iho he mahi ā-ringa, he whakanui ake i ngā wāhi pa, me ngā tūponotanga poke. Ka whakaitihia ēnei tūponotanga e ngā ārai whakakorekore mā te tuku i te whakakapinga tere me te kore e nui te mahi. Ka whakaitihia hoki e te hoahoa kotahi-whakamahinga te nui o ngā huakita i roto i ngā wāhi tūroro, ā, ka whai wāhi atu ki te whakahaere pai ake i te mate.
| Āhuatanga | Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore | Ngā Ārai Tuku Iho |
|---|---|---|
| Te Whakahaere Mate | Kotahi te whakamahinga, he patu huakita, he whakaiti i te poke | Me horoi pinepine, ka mau tonu te mōrearea o te poke |
| Te tiaki | He iti noa iho, ka whakakapia i muri i te whakamahinga | He nui te mahi, me horoi pinepine |
| Te roanga o te ora | Poto ake, i hangaia mō te whakamahinga takitahi a te tūroro | He roa ake, he taea te whakamahi anō, engari he uaua ake te pupuri kia kore e poke |
| Te Whakatutukitanga o te Haumaru Ahi | I mua i te tukatuka kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa NFPA 701 | Kua rongoatia hoki engari me tiaki tonu |
| Pānga ki te Taiao | 100% ka taea te hangarua, kāore he matū hei whakakore | Me hiahia te wai me ngā matū mō te horoi |
Ka whai hua anō hoki ngā hōhipera i te US me Kanata i ngā ārai whakakorekore e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa ture pēnei i ngā aratohu haumaru tūroro a te Joint Commission me ngā ture tūmataitinga HIPAA. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei ārai he tiaki ā-tinana mō te tūmataitinga o ngā tūroro, me te whakangāwari ake i te whakatutukitanga o ngā tikanga haumaru ahi me te whakahaere mate urutā.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko ngā tikanga whakakore me te whakahaere para mō ēnei ārai e hangai ana ki ngā whāinga oranga tonutanga. He maha ngā hua ka taea te hangarua me ētahi atu para hauora polypropylene, ka whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao me te kore e whakararu i te haumaru.
I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakapai ake ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore i te whai huatanga o te mahi, ka whakaiti i ngā mōrearea mate, ka tautoko hoki i te hanganga ture, ā, he kōwhiringa pai rawa atu ēnei mō ngā whare hauora hou.
Ngā Painga Whaihua o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore
Te Whakaiti i ngā Mōrearea Mate me te Whakapai ake i te Akuaku
He mea nui te mahi a ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ki te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga mate i roto i ngā wāhi tiaki hauora. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he tata kore te auau poke o ēnei ārai i muri i te 20 wiki o te whakamahinga. He rerekē, he 92% te auau poke o ngā ārai tuku iho i roto i te kotahi wiki noa iho. E whakaatu ana tēnei rerekētanga nui i te whai huatanga o ngā ārai whakakorekore ki te whakapai ake i ngā paerewa akuaku.
- Ka whakaratohia e ngā ārai whakakorekore he ārai ma mō ia tūroro, ā, ka tino whakaiti i te hanga huakita.
- Ka whakakorea e rātou ngā mōrearea whakawhiti-paru e pā ana ki ngā ārai ka taea te whakamahi anō, e mau ana hoki ngā huaketo kino pērā i te MRSA me te VRE.
- Ka aukati kaha ngā āhuatanga paturopi o ētahi ārai whakamahi-kore i te tipu o ngā huakita kino, ā, ka whai wāhi atu ki te whakahaere i ngā mate.
I ngā wāhi tino mōrearea pērā i ngā wāhanga tiaki nui (ICU) me ngā rūma ohorere, he mea tino nui te hiahia mō te whakahaere i ngā mate pāwera. Kua hangaia ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore hei whakakapi katoa, hei ārai i ngā pathogens kia noho ki runga i te papanga. He mea nui tēnei āhuatanga hei pupuri i tētahi taiao haumaru mō ngā tūroro ngoikore.
Te Whai Hua o te Utu me te Whai Hua o te Whakahaere
Mā te haumi ki ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ka taea te penapena nui i ngā utu me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o ngā mahi hauora. Me nui te tiaki i ngā ārai papanga tuku iho, tae atu ki te horoi me te whakamate i ngā mea, he mea e pau ana te wā me te mahi.
- E ai ki ngā kaimahi o ngā hōhipera matua, kua pai ake te whai huatanga o te tukanga mahi nā te whakamahinga o ngā ārai whakakorekore. Hei tauira, i kitea e te City Medical Center te whakaiti i te wā horoi me te wā whakamate i waenga i ngā tikanga, ā, i piki ake ai te maha o ngā tūroro e mahi ana i ā rātou mahi.
- E 30 meneti te roa o te tango me te whakakapi i ngā ārai tuku iho, ā, ka tūpono ngā kaimahi ki ngā mōrearea haumaru. He rerekē, mā ngā ārai whakakorekore ka māmā ake tēnei tukanga, ka tere ake te whakarerekē me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te poke.
Ko ngā pānga pūtea mō te wā roa e pai ake ana ki ngā kōwhiringa whakakorekore. Ahakoa he iti ake te utu o mua mō ngā ārai whakakorekore, ko te utu mō te pupuri i ngā ārai whakamahi anō ka tata ki te 50% te iti ake nā te horoinga me ngā utu tiaki tonu.
| Āhuatanga | Ārai Whakakore | Ārai Whakamahi Anō |
|---|---|---|
| Te utu o mua | I raro | Teitei ake |
| Te Utu Mana Pupuri mō te Wā Katoa | Teitei ake | Tata ki te 50% te iti ake o te utu |
| Pānga ki te Taiao | He iti te āheinga hangarua | Ka taea te hangarua/ka taea te whakahou ake |
Te Whakatutuki i ngā Paerewa Hauora me ngā Kōwhiringa Whakaritenga
Mā ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ka āwhina i ngā whare hauora ki te whakatutuki i ngā tikanga whakahaere mate pāwera me ngā ture haumaru. Ka tutuki i a rātou ngā aratohu i whakatakotoria e ngā whakahaere pēnei i te Joint Commission, kia mau tonu ai ngā paerewa akuaku teitei i ngā hōhipera.
Mā ngā kōwhiringa whakaritenga mō ngā ārai whakakorekore ka taea e ngā whare hauora te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia me ngā manakohanga motuhake. Ka taea e ngā hōhipera te whiriwhiri i ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki:
| Āhuatanga | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Ngā Tauira Kakahu | Ko ngā kōwhiringa pērā i a Stormy Weather me Beach Glass ka ātaahua ake te tirohanga. |
| Ngā Rahi | Ko ngā inenga e wātea ana ko te 69" whānui x 84" teitei me te 69" whānui x 96" teitei. |
| Ngā Kōwhiringa Paturopi | Ka taea e ngā hōhipera te whiriwhiri i ngā papanga patu huakita hei whakapai ake i te akuaku. |
| Ngā Kōwhiringa Hoa-Taiao | E wātea ana ngā kōwhiringa papanga e pai ana mō te taiao hei tautoko i te oranga tonutanga. |
| Waitohu | Ka taea e ngā whakaurunga te whakauru i ngā waitohu me ngā huānga waitohu ki roto i ngā ārai. |
Ehara i te mea ka whakarei ake i te ataahua o ngā taiao hauora anake ēnei kōwhiringa whakaritenga engari ka whakarato hoki i te tūmataitinga nui i te wā e rongoatia ana. Mā te whakaiti i ngā mea whakararuraru tirohanga, ka taea e ngā ārai ritenga te āwhina i te whakaiti i te manukanuka me te ahotea mō ngā tūroro, ka āwhina i te taiao whakaora whakamarie ake.
I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā painga mahi o ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore kāore i te whakahaere i te mate. Ka whai wāhi atu ēnei ki te whai huatanga o te mahi, te tutuki i ngā paerewa hauora, me te kaha ki te whakarite i ngā taiao kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ngā tūroro.
He haumitanga nui ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore hei whakarei ake i te haumaru o ngā tūroro me te whakahaere i ngā mate urutā. He maha ngā painga e tukuna ana e rātou, tae atu ki:
- Whakakapinga tere i muri i ia tūroro, ka whakaiti i te horapa o ngā mate.
- He paninga paturopi e aukati ana i te tipu o te huakita, e whakaiti ana i te taumahatanga koiora.
- Te whakakore i ngā utu horoi kakahu, te whakaiti i te mahi me ngā mōrearea poke.
Me whakatairanga e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i te US me Kanata te whakamahi i ēnei ārai hei whakapai ake i te kounga tiaki me te whai huatanga o ngā mahi.
Ngā Pātai Auau
He aha te mea e pai ake ai ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore mō te whakahaere mate?
Ka whakaratohia e ngā ārai whakakorekore he ārai hou, he ārai parakore mō ia tūroro, ka whakaiti i te whanaketanga o ngā huaketo me te mōrearea o te poke whakawhiti ki te whakaritea ki ngā ārai whakamahi anō.
He pai te utu mō ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore mō ngā whare hauora?
Ae, ka whakaitihia e rātou ngā utu horoi me te tiaki, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te tukanga mahi, ka whakaitihia hoki ngā whakapaunga e pā ana ki te mate ahakoa te nui ake o ngā utu i te tīmatanga.
E tutuki ana ngā ārai whakakorekore i ngā paerewa haumaru hauora?
Ka tutuki i ngā ārai whakakorekore ngā ture haumaru ahi me te whakahaere mate urutā, tae atu ki te NFPA 701 me ngā aratohu a te Joint Commission, e whakarite ana i te haumaru me te tūmataitinga o te tūroro.
