Te Take Nui Me Pēhea te Hurihanga o te Hauora e Ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore

Mea whakakorekore ārai hōhipera Ka tino whakarerekē i ngā taiao hauora. Ka tukuna e rātou he auahatanga nui ki ngā mate pāwera e pā ana ki te hauora (HAI). Ka pāngia te kotahi i roto i te 31 o ngā tūroro i te hōhipera o US e ngā HAI, ka utua he piriona ia tau. Ko tēnei nekehanga, i tautokona engā kaihanga ārai hōhipera, ka whakarei ake i te haumaru o te tūroro me te whai huatanga o te mahi. He maha ārai rūma hauora, tae atu ki ārai tūmataitinga hauora ngā hoahoa, kei te whakaatuhia inaianei ārai whakakorekore.

Ngā Whakaaro Matua

• Ka ārai ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore i te horapa o ngā huakita. He rauemi motuhake kei roto hei patu i ngā huakita, ā, ka haumaru ake ngā hōhipera mō te katoa.
• He ngāwari te whakawhiti i ēnei ārai. Ka penapenahia te wā me te moni nā te mea kāore e hiahiatia kia horoia e ngā hōhipera. Mā tēnei ka pai ake te whakahaere o ngā hōhipera.
• Te whakamahi Ārai whakakorekoreMā tēnei ka noho haumaru ake ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi. E mōhio ana rātou he ma te hōhipera, ā, e kaha ana hoki tā rātou mahi ki te ārai i te mate.

Te Hiahia Whawhati mō te Huringa: He aha i kore ai e tutuki ngā Ārai Hōhipera Tuku Iho

He maha ngā wā ka whakawhirinaki ngā taiao tiaki hauora tuku iho ki ngā mahi, ahakoa i mua he paerewa, ināianei he wero nui ki te whakahaere mate hou. He nui te mōrearea o ngā ārai hōhipera tuku iho. He maha ngā wā ka noho hei wāhi whakatupu mō ngā mate kino, ka uaua ai ngā mahi horoi, ā, ka waiho hei kawenga huna mō ngā whare tiaki hauora. He mea nui te mōhio ki ēnei ngoikoretanga hei mārama ki te mana whakarerekē o ngā huarahi whakakorekore.

Ngā Ārai Hōhipera Tuku Iho hei Puna Pūtake Matepukupuku Kāore i Kitea

Ko ngā ārai hōhipera tuku iho, i hangaia mō te tūmataitinga o ngā tūroro, ka noho hei puna nui mō ngā moroiti kino. Ko ēnei ārai papanga, e pāngia ana e te tini o te tangata, ka tere te kohikohi i ngā momo mate pukupuku e pā ana ki te hauora. E whakaatu tonu ana ngā rangahau i te tere o te poke. Hei tauira, i kitea e ngā kairangahau e 92% o ngā ārai tūmataitinga hōhipera tuku iho i whakaatuhia he poke i ngā huakita pukupuku pēnei i te MRSA me te VRE i roto noa i te wiki kotahi o te whakamahinga.

He mea whakamīharo ngā momo mate urutā e kitea ana i runga i ēnei mata. Ko ngā take noa ko te Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) me te Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE). Ko ētahi atu huakita kua kitea ko te Staphylococcus aureus, Ngā momo Enterococcus, me ngā tokotoko karamu-kino aerobic. Ka taea e ēnei mate pukupuku te ora i runga i ngā mata o te kakahu mō ngā wā roa. I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau ko te 87% o ngā ārai hōhipera tuku iho i pangia e te MRSA i muri i ngā rā 14 noa iho o te whakamahinga. I kitea e tētahi atu rangahau whānui, i tātari i ngā tauira 1,521 mai i ngā ārai tūmataiti, ko te 22% i whakamātauhia he pai mō ngā rauropi ātete-maha-rongoā (MDRO). I roto i ēnei MDRO, i puta mai ngā enterococci ātete-vancomycin (VRE) i roto i te 13.8% o ngā ahurea, ngā huakita karamu-kino ātete-rongoā i roto i te 6.2%, me ngā huakita ātete-methicillin Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) i roto i te 4.9%. Ko tēnei noho tonu o ngā huakita kino e whakaatu ana i te mahi nui a ngā ārai tuku iho i roto i te tuku i ngā mate.

Ngā Tikanga Horoi Kore-Whai Hua mō ngā Ārai Hōhipera

He maha ngā wā ka kore e tutuki ngā tikanga horoi mō ngā ārai hōhipera tuku iho i ngā mea e tika ana hei ārai i te horapa o ngā mate. Kāore he paerewa whānui mō te auau o te horoinga o ēnei ārai e ngā whare hauora. He rerekē ngā huarahi e whakamahia ana e ngā whare hauora rerekē i runga i ō rātou hiahia motuhake, te wāhi, te auau o te whakapā atu, me te mōrearea o te poke. E kī ana ngā aratohu he huringa tonu mō ngā ārai e kitea ana te paru me te hunga e noho motuhake ana ina wehe atu ngā tūroro. Mō ngā take e haere tonu ana, he mea noa ngā huringa ā-hauwhā, ngā taunakitanga rānei mai i ngā tīma whakahaere mate. Heoi, kāore ēnei aratohu e whakamahia tonutia ana, e rawaka ana rānei.

He maha ngā wero e ārai ana i te horoinga whai hua. He uaua ngā papanga ārai; ka ngāwari te hopu i ngā poke pēnei i te puehu, te paru, me te huakita, e kore e taea e ngā tikanga horoi whānui te tango. He iti ake te auau o te horoinga o ngā ārai hōhipera tuku iho i ngā mata mārō, ā, ka ngāwari ake te poke. Ko te auau o te whakapā atu a ngā kaimahi, ngā tūroro, me ngā manuhiri ka tere te poke anō, nā te mea he maha ngā tāngata e pā ana ki ngā ārai me te kore he karapu. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā mahi horoi o roto e aro ana ki ngā mata mārō e pā pinepine ana, ā, ka warewarehia te horoinga motuhake e hiahiatia ana mō ngā ārai. Mā tēnei hapa ka taea e ngā huakita, pēnei i te MRSA, te ora i runga i ngā mata papanga mō ngā wā roa, ka tere te poke anō o ngā ārai ahakoa kua horoia.

Te Taumahatanga Mahi Huna o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Ka Taea te Whakamahi Anō

Haunga ngā mōrearea o te mate, he nui te taumahatanga o ngā ārai hōhipera ka taea te whakamahi anō ki ngā whare hauora. He tukanga uaua, he tukanga nui hoki te tiaki i a rātou. Ko te roanga o te ora o tētahi kakahu whatu kounga pai he tata ki te tekau tau, engari ko tēnei roanga o te ora ka puta mai me ngā tono horoi tonu. Hei tauira, i Peretānia, me horoi ngā ārai ka taea te whakamahi anō i te 60 nekehanga i te iti rawa i ia ono marama, ā, me horoi tonu mēnā he paru. He rerekē ngā aratohu a Ahitereiria i runga i te rohe mōrearea, mai i ngā huringa tonu i ngā rohe tino mōrearea ki te horoi ā-tau i ngā rohe iti te mōrearea.

He nui ngā rauemi e pau ana i te tukanga horoi kakahu. Ko te horoi i ngā kakahu hōhipera ka taea te whakamahi anō me nui te wai, ā, ka puta he nui te wai para. Ahakoa te maimoatanga me te hangarua o ngā wai para, he nui te kaha e pau ana i te mahi horoi kakahu. Ahakoa he roa ake te ora o ngā kakahu ka taea te whakamahi anō me ētahi painga taiao ki ngā mea ka taea te whakamahi anō i runga i te nui o te para, he nui te rauemi e pau ana i te tukanga horoi. He nui ake te kaha me te wai e pau ana, ā, he nui ake te wai para ki te taiao ki te whakataurite ki ngā mea ka taea te whakamahi anō. Ko tēnei huringa tonu o te tango, te horoi, me te tāuta anō ka tāpiri atu ki ngā utu mahi, ngā uauatanga o te whakahaere, me te pānga ki te taiao, ka hanga he kawenga huna e kore e tirohia e te nuinga o ngā whare.

Te Pānga Hurihuri o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore

He tino whanaketanga nui ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore i roto i te akuaku hauora me te whai huatanga o te mahi. Ka whakatika tika i ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā ārai tuku iho mā te tuku i ngā āhuatanga matatau me ngā tukanga māmā. Ka tino hurihia e tēnei auahatanga te huarahi e whakahaere ai ngā whare hauora i ngā mōrearea mate me te pupuri i te taiao ma.

Ngā Āhuatanga Paturopi Matatau i roto i ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore

Ko tētahi painga matua o ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ko ōna āhuatanga patu huakita matatau. Ka hangaia ēnei ārai e ngā kaihanga ki ngā rauemi e aukati kaha ana i te tipu me te horapa o ngā huakita, harore, me ētahi atu moroiti. Mā tēnei huarahi matatau ka whakaitihia te kawenga o ngā mate urutā i roto i ngā taiao tūroro.

I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau whakamātautau he whakahekenga nui o ngā waeine hanga koroni huakita (CFU/cm²) i runga i ngā ārai tūmataiti ārai huakita Fantex. I muri i ngā haora 24 o te poke me ngā momo huakita, tae atu ki Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, MRSA, me ngā rauropi whakaputa-whānui (Escherichia coli rānei Klebsiella pneumoniae), i whakaatuhia e ēnei ārai he hekenga nui ki te whakataurite ki ngā ārai tūmataiti paerewa. I tua atu, he iti ake te taumata poke taiao me ētahi momo huakita i runga i ngā ārai Fantex i muri i ngā marama e rua o te whakamahinga i roto i te tari ohorere.

E whakaatu mārama ana ngā raraunga i tēnei whai huatanga:

Ko te whakaiti nui i te kitea o ngā huakita ka hua ake he taiao haumaru ake mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi.

Te Whakaurunga Maeneene me te Whakakapinga Tere o ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore

He tino ngāwari te whakauru me te whakakapi i ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore, ā, ka tino pai ake te rere o ngā mahi. Ka taea e ngā whare hauora te whakawhiti i ēnei ārai i raro i te meneti kotahi ina whakamahia e ngā kaimahi ngā taputapu pēnei i te taputapu Grabber. Mā tēnei tere ka nui ake te tere o te hurihanga o ngā rūma tūroro.

He maha ngā painga ā-pūnaha o ēnei pūnaha whakakapinga tere:

• Tāutanga TereKa taea e ngā kaimahi te whakawhiti i ngā ārai whakakorekore i roto i ngā meneti mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha ara whakawhiti tere, ka penapena i te wā utu nui.
• Te Whakaiti i te MahiKa whakakorea e rātou te nui o te whakahaere, te horoi, me te tāuta anō e hiahiatia ana mō ngā ārai papanga tuku iho.
• Ngā Mahi WhakangawariKa taea e ngā kaimahi te whakakapi wawe i ngā ārai me te kore e whakararuraru i ngā mahi o ia rā, ā, ka kore ai e whakaroa te tiaki tūroro i puta mai i ngā kaupapa horoi tino pakari.
• Te Whakakore i te Horoi UauaHe rerekē ki ngā ārai papanga e hiahia ana kia horoia pinepine i ngā pāmahana teitei me te wā hurihanga tere, ka whakakapia noa ngā ārai whakakorekore, ka kore ai e uaua te horoi kakahu.

He painga anō hoki ēnei pūnaha:

• Mama, ā, he ngāwari ki te tāutaMā tēnei āhuatanga ka tere te whakakapinga.
• Whai hua te utuKa whakaitihia ngā utu horoi me ngā utu mahi e pā ana ki ngā ārai tuku iho.
• Whakakorehia ngā Rārangi HoroiKa whakakorea e rātou te hiahia mō ngā wā horoi tino pakari, roa, me te utu nui mō ngā ārai tuku iho.

Te Whakapai Ake i te Whakahaere Mate Pāwera mā te Ārai Hōhipera Whakamahi Kotahi

Ko ngā ārai hōhipera kotahi te whakamahinga he tūāpapa mō ngā rautaki whakahaere mate urutā hou. Ka whakaratohia he mahi ārai-mua ki te ārai i ngā mate urutā e pā ana ki te hauora (HAI) mā te whakarite kia ma tonu te taiao.

He maha ngā huarahi e whai wāhi ai ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ki te whakaiti i te HAI:

• Ka whakakorea e rātou ngā mōrearea whakawhiti-paru.
• Ka whakaitihia e rātou te taumahatanga o te horoi kakahu tonu.
• Ka whakanui ake rātou i te whai huatanga o te hōhipera.
• He mahi ārai mate matatau ēnei.

Me whakatū e ngā whare hauora he aratohu mārama mō te whakakapi i ēnei ārai kia tino whai hua ai. He mea tino taunaki kia hurihia ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore i ia ono marama, me te tohu mārama i te rā tāutanga ki te ārai.

He maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he whakarerekētanga auau ake mō ngā tautuhinga haumanu motuhake:

• Paerewa Iti rawa o te CDCKia kotahi te iti rawa i te marama.
• Whakakapinga TonuE hiahiatia ana mō te paru e kitea ana, te parahanga, te kino, te pā atu rānei ki te toto/wai tinana.
• Ngā Rohe Mōrearea Nui (Ngā ICU, Ngā Rūma Wehewehe)Tērā pea me nui ake te auau o te whakarerekētanga o ēnei wāhi, i ētahi wā ia wiki, nā te mea he nui ake te ngoikore me te tūponotanga o te poke.
• Ngā Rārangi WhakariteHe maha ngā wā ka whakawhanakehia e ngā hōhipera ngā wātaka kua whakaritea kia rite ki ngā mōrearea o ia tari me ngā āhuatanga o ngā tūroro.

Anei tētahi aratohu whānui mō te auau whakakapinga:

Ngā Painga Ā-Whaiaro: Te Whakarei Ake o te Hauora i ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakorekore

He nui ngā painga o ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore. Ka whakapai ake i te haumaru o ngā tūroro, ka whakahaere i ngā mahi, ā, ka whakarei ake i te whakapono whānui ki ngā taiao hauora. Nā ēnei painga ka waiho hei wāhanga nui o ngā rautaki whakahaere mate hou.

Te Whakakore i ngā Mōrearea Whakawhiti-Paruparu me ngā Ārai Hōhipera Whakakore-Paruparu

Ka whakaitihia e ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore te tūponotanga o te whakawhiti poke. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mā te whakamahi i ngā ārai tūroro whakakorekore ka taea te whakaiti i ngā reiti mate tae atu ki te 30%. Ka whakarei ake tēnei i te haumaru o te hōhipera me te whakahaere mate. He maha ngā ārai whakakorekore o ēnei rā he āhuatanga patu huakita. Ka ārai ēnei kaihoko i te horapa o ngā huakita, ngā harore, me ētahi atu moroiti. Ka whakaratohia he paparanga parepare anō ki ngā pathogens. E whakaatu pinepine ana ngā rangahau ka taea e ngā ārai tūmataiti i roto i ngā rūma tūroro te pupuri i ngā huakita, tae atu ki ngā momo ātete rongoā. E kī ana ngā tohunga mā te hanga anō i ēnei ārai, mā te whakamahi rānei i ngā momo ārai whakakorekore ka āwhina i te aukati i te horapa o ngā moroiti.

Te Whakangāwari i te Whakahaere Whare me te Whakaiti i ngā Utu Mahi

Mā ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ka whakangawari i te whakahaere whare, ka whakaiti hoki i ngā utu mahi. Ka whakakorea te hiahia mō ngā tukanga horoi nui. Ka penapenahia he rauemi nui i roto i te wai, te pūngao, me te mahi. Ahakoa he rite te utu tuatahi mō ngā ārai whakakorekore ki ngā mea ka taea te horoi, he pai te utu mō te wā roa. Ka tangohia e rātou te horoi me te patu huakita e hiahiatia ana mō ngā ārai ka taea te whakamahi anō. Ka whakangawarihia hoki e ngā ārai whakakorekore te rarangi taonga. He maha ngā wā ka tae mai i roto i te rahi kotahi o te panera (66”x 105”). Ka taea e ngā urutau huinga tokotoko te whakauru i ngā teitei tuanui rerekē, ka taea te whakamahi ōrite puta noa i ngā tari. Mā ngā tapanga i runga i ia ārai hōhipera ka taea te whai i ngā rā tāutanga. Ka whakapai ake tēnei i te whakahaere rarangi taonga, ā, ka whakarite kia tutuki ngā kaupapa here horoi.

Te Whakatairanga i te Whakapono o ngā Tūroro me ngā Kaimahi ki te Akuaku o te Hōhipera

Ka whai wāhi ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore ki tētahi taiao mahi haumaru ake mō ngā kaimahi hauora. Ka tino whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te horapa o ngā mate i waenga i ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi. Ka taea e ngā ārai papanga tuku iho te pupuri i ngā pathogens ahakoa kua horoia. Ka āraihia tēnei e ngā ārai whakakorekore, i hangaia mō te whakamahinga kotahi. Ka āraihia e ō rātou āhuatanga patu huakita te tipu o ngā moroiti. Ka hangaia he taiao ma ake mō ngā kaimahi hauora. Nā te āhua whakakorekore ka tangohia te hiahia o ngā kaimahi ki te whakahaere i ngā kākahu kua poke pea. Ka penapenahia te wā me ngā rauemi me te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga o te pānga. Mā te whakamahi i ngā ārai whakakorekore ka āwhina i ngā whare ki te piri ki ngā aratohu whakahaere mate tino pakari. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te whakapau kaha ki te haumaru mō ngā tūroro me ngā kaimahi.

He mea nui ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore mō te akuaku hauora o ēnei rā. He haumi rautaki ēnei mō te haumaru o te tūroro me te hiranga o te mahi. Mā ngā whare e tautoko ana i tēnei auahatanga ka noho hauora, ka haumaru ake hoki te heke mai o te hauora. Ka hurihia e tēnei hangarau ārai hōhipera matatau te tiaki tūroro me te whai huatanga o te mahi.

Ngā Pātai Auau

Me pēhea te ārai i ngā mate urutā e ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore?

He āhuatanga patu huakita ngā ārai whakakorekore. Ka ārai kaha ēnei āhuatanga i te tipu o ngā pathogens. Mā te whakakapinga auau ka whakakorea ngā mata poke, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te whakawhiti poke.

He iti ake te utu o ngā ārai hōhipera whakakorekore i ngā ārai hōhipera ka taea te whakamahi anō?

Ae, koia tēnā. Mā ngā ārai whakakorekore ka kore e hiahiatia he utu horoi, he utu mahi horoi, me te tāuta anō. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te whakahaere i te whare, ka whakaitihia hoki ngā whakapaunga whakahaere katoa.

He aha ngā pānga ki te taiao o te whakamahi i ngā ārai whakakorekore?

He maha ngā kaihanga e hanga ana i ngā ārai whakakorekore mai i ngā rauemi hangarua. Ka whakaitihia te whakamahinga o te wai me te pūngao e pā ana ki te horoi i ngā ārai whakamahi anō. Mā tēnei ka whakaitihia te pānga ki te taiao.